Galapagos Sea Lion

[fern]

Galapagos Sea Lion

ZooTek Phoenix

Click Site name to reach the download

Author: JordanMK

Keywords: seals, marine

Date Released: Sept 5, 2005

Current GalSeaLion_V2.ZTD dated 1 July 2004

File Size: 3.23 Mb

Compatibility: All Game Versions

Description: Galapagos Sea Lion
Genus: Zalophus
Species: californianus wollebaeki
Identification:
There are three subspecies of Zalophus californianus. The California sea lion (Z. c. californianus) is found from southern Mexico up to British Columbia and breeds almost entirely on islands in southern California, western Baja California and the Gulf of California. The Galápagos sea lion (Z. c. wollebaeki) is found on the Galápagos Islands and also occasionally in coastal Ecuador and Colombia. The Japanese sea lion (Z. c. japonicus) is now believed to be extinct but was formerly found in the Sea of Japan. Some scientists believe that these three subspecies should in fact be classed as separate species, namely Z. californianus, Z. wollebaeki, and Z. japonicus.
Population:
There is no up-to-date count of Galápagos sea lions, the last reported population estimate of 30,000 being made in the late 1970s.
Endangerment Status:
The Galápagos sea lion is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. This subspecies was not subjected to the same commercial exploitation that caused the depletion of California sea lion populations, although occasional sea lions were killed for their skins or to provide tooth necklaces for tourists. Many Galápagos sea lions have been and are still being killed as a result of illegal and local fishing activities around the islands, despite the Ecuador government expanding the no-fishing zone around the islands from 15 to 40 nautical miles in early 1998. The entanglement of sea lions in fishing gear, particularly in long-line hooks and nylon line, is one of the most important problems currently affecting the subspecies. Entanglement in marine debris is an additional problem. Between 1995 and November 2000 a total of 111 reports of entangled sea lions were received.
El Nino:
Galápagos sea lions are badly affected by the lack of food availability and weather conditions produced by El Niño events. During the 1982-83 El Niño all Galápagos sea lion pups born in 1982 died, while only a third of the normal number of pups were born in 1983. During the 1997-98 El Niño, the Galápagos sea lion population showed a significant decline in almost all of its colonies, a 48% population decrease caused by both mortality and migration having been observed during this period. The most affected age range were pups born between June 1997 and December 1998, suffering a 90% mortality rate. The large male sea lions, especially the dominant sea lions during the 1998 breeding season, experienced a 67% mortality rate. During the El Niño event it was found that the sea lions tried to make up for the lack in prey by feeding on lantern fish (Myctophidae) rather than the usual sardines (Clupeidae), and exhibited behavioural changes such as foraging during the night. The mortality rates indicate however that this modification in foraging behaviour was not enough to protect the population from the effects of the event. A recovery in the Galápagos sea lion population has been observed during 1999 and 2000, with an estimated 10% increase in the population. Pups born during the 1999-2000 breeding season were observed to be in good condition.
Reproduction:
Pups are born and breeding takes place on the sandy and rocky beaches of the Galápagos Islands from May - January, the timing varying from island to island. About 4-7 days after her pup is born, the mother leaves to feed at sea, thus beginning a cycle of feeding during the day, mainly at depths of 20-60m, and returning most nights to feed her pup. The pup can be nursed for as little as 6 months, but is often nursed for a year until the next pup is born. Some mothers have been known to nurse both their new pup and old pup for periods of up to a year. It is also occasionally known for mothers to nurse a single pup for up to 3 years, as long as they do not give birth to a new pup during this period. Galápagos sea lions do not migrate, remaining around the islands all year and feeding at shallow depths, mainly for sardines.

[fern]

Additional info:

GalSeaLion_V2.ZTD                                  uca: 744C1026 dated 15 November 2003

Results From Configuration Checking:

744c1026.uca date: Sat Nov 15 20:17:38 2003
***** Error: cNameID is set to 19000 but there is no LCID setting.
*** Warning: The [] section is unnecessary and could be removed.
*** Warning: Item id 7061 has multiple settings in [cSuitableObjects].
*** Warning: uca/ai file contains the word 'Undefined'.
*** Warning: uca/ai file contains 'fPlay()'.
Animal Type: 744C1026

Galapagos Sea Lion

Galapagos Sea Lion
    (plus 13 other paragraphs)

Animal Characteristics:

Habitat: Aquatic; Location: South America
Minimum happiness needed for chance of breeding: 90.
Animal can swim in water terrain.
Animal can swim in tanks.

Exhibit Preferences:

Foliage:
Water Lily, Water Reed, Bald Cypress Tree (DD), Horsetail (DD)
Sea Anemone (MM), Barnacles (MM), Beach Grass (MM), Brittle Sea Star (MM)
Clam Bed (MM), Orange Cup Coral (MM), Divercate Tree Coral (MM)
Feather Duster Worm (MM), Fire Coral (MM), Kelp (MM), Sea Lettuce (MM)
Red Gorgonian (MM), Sargassum (MM), Sand Dollar (MM), Sea Cucumber (MM)
Sea Star (MM), Seaweed (MM), Sea Grass (MM), Sea Sponge (MM)
Stove Pipe Sponge (MM), Tube Worm (MM), Purple Sea Urchin (MM)

Rocks:
Large Rock, Small Rock - Medium, Small Rock - Small, Medium Aquatic Rock (DD)
Small Ocean Floor Rock (MM), Medium Coral Formation (MM)
Large Ocean Floor Rock (MM), Medium Ocean Floor Rock (MM)
Large Coral Formation (MM), Iceberg (MM), Isle Rock (MM)

Other specifically liked items:
Tank Filter (MM)

Exhibit Construction:

Number of animals allowed per exhibit: 2-30 with 25 squares for each adult.

Exhibit size (for 2 adults): 50 grid squares

Terrain (for exhibit with 50 grid squares):
40 Salt Water, 5 Gray Stone, 5 Sand

Foliage (for exhibit with 50 grid squares):
3 grid squares should contain foliage.
Foliage that would give the most happiness: Water Lily
Since this is a small plant, greatest happiness will occur
if each of the 3 grid squares contains 4 of this plant.

Rocks (for exhibit with 50 grid squares):
12 Small Rock - Small, which is its most liked rock.